瑞士的一位研究木材的教授,发现用两种真菌处理挪威的云杉和枫木,可以大大提高木材的声学性质,处理九个月后的木材做出来的小提琴与斯氏古琴对比演奏,盲测的专家评委和观众无法分辨,甚至认为新琴是斯氏古琴。
教授解释说,这两种真菌可以逐渐分解细胞壁,使其变薄,但仍然保持微观的结构,不影响声音的传播速度和弹性模量,同时木材密度减小了。做琴之前用环氧乙烷杀死真菌,木材就可以使用了。
更多信息参看这里 https://www.mdc-berlin.de/38929576/en/news/archive/2012/20120907-treatment_with_fungi_makes_a_modern_violin
The Swiss wood researcher Professor Francis W. M. R. Schwarze has succeeded in modifying the wood for a violin through treatment with special fungi. This treatment alters the acoustic properties of the instrument, making it sound indistinguishably similar to a Stradivarius.
He discovered two species of fungi (Physisporinus vitreus and Xylaria longipes), which decay Norway spruce and sycamore – the two important kinds of wood used for violin making – to such an extent that their tonal quality is improved. “Normally fungi reduce the density of the wood, but at the same time they unfortunately reduce the speed with which the sound waves travel through the wood,” the researcher explained. “The unique feature of these fungi is that they gradually degrade the cell walls, thus inducing a thinning of the walls. But even in the late stages of the wood decomposition, a stiff scaffold structure remains via which the sound waves can still travel directly.” Even the modulus of elasticity is not compromised; the wood remains just as resistant to strain as before the fungal treatment – an important criterion for violin making. Before the wood is further processed to a violin, it is treated with ethylene oxide gas. “No fungus can survive that,” Professor Schwarze said. That ensures that fungal growth in the wood of the violin is completely stopped.
In 2009 the violins were played in a blind, behind-the-curtain test versus a genuine Stradivarius from 1711. All the violins were played by the British violinist Matthew Trusler. The result was surprising for all participants: Both the jury of experts and the majority of the audience thought that the mycowood violin that Schwarze had treated with fungi for nine months was the actual Strad.
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