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无处不在的首调唱名法


2016-3-7 21:05 | 作者: 安东汉文D | 来自: 中国小提琴论坛(原文)

摘要: 首先要熟悉fa、do、sol、re、la、mi、si和si、mi、la、re、sol、do、fa,两句口诀。这两句口诀是复式五度音列的源头。如下图:它关系到升降号的产生原理、调的产生原理、大小三和弦的产生原理、五度相生律的产生原理 ...
       首先要熟悉fadosolrelamisisimilaresoldofa,两句口诀。这两句口诀是复式五度音列的源头。如下图:

31.jpg

它关系到升降号的产生原理、调的产生原理、大小三和弦的产生原理、五度相生律的产生原理、纯律的产生原理、和声的产生原理、首调唱名法的产生原理。很多有关《基本乐理》的书籍,只讲了结论,没有讲原理。或只讲音与音之间的距离关系,不讲音与音之间的听觉感受。这是用教数学的方法来讲授音乐。不能不说是一种缺陷。

用复式五度音列排列方式比用音阶方式展示大小三和弦的排列原理似乎更好。domisol是大调主和弦,它的【上】方五度solsire也【属】于给人具有domisol同样感受的大调和弦,所以简称【上属】和弦。然后它的【下】方五度falado也【属】于给人具有domisol同样感受的大调和弦,所以简称【下属】和弦。ladomi是小调主和弦,它的【上】方五度misolsi也【属】于给人具有ladomi同样感受的小调和弦,所以简称【上属】和弦。然后它的【下】方五度refala也【属】于给人具有ladomi同样感受的小调和弦,所以简称【下属】和弦。见下图:

 

C调:包括C自然大调和A自然小调,

复式五度音列图:

c调-4.jpg

宋大叔1.gif

在大三和弦里每一组和弦都可能在三个不同的调里分别代表主和弦或上属和弦,或下属和弦。比如CGBD是上属和弦(见上图C调);在G大调里它就是主和弦(见下图G调);在D大调里它就是下属和弦(见下图D)。小三和弦也是如此,比BDFE调里它是上属和弦(见下图G);在B调里是主和弦(见下图D);在F调里是下属和弦(见下图A调)。其它以此类推。这也说明它们在听觉上【属于】相同的类型。这就是【属】字的意思。

G调:包括G自然大调和E自然小调

复式五度音列图:

g调-5.jpg

宋大叔29(g调).gif

D调:包括D自然大调和B自然小调

复式五度音列图:

d调-6.jpg

宋大叔29(d调).gif

A调:包括A自然大调和F自然小调

复式五度音列图:

a调-7.jpg
宋大叔29(a调).gif

这是只有用复式五度音列配合首调唱名法才能讲清楚的事情。请注意fado  solrelamisi在以上四个调中的位置。

再举一例,如何在三和弦的基础上产生七和弦。如下:

C调:包括C自然大调和A自然小调。

宋大叔19.gif

大家都听说过语言文字接龙游戏,如:写不了、了不起、起不来、来上学、学文化……等等。用复式五度音列阐述三和弦也可如此接龙,

falado;  domisol;  solsire; 

refala;  ladomi;   misolsi

sirefa;  falado

前三组大三和弦自然转到小三和弦,再自然转到减三和弦,最后一个falado表示又回到开头。第七组sirefa(见第三小节)是减三和弦,

下图表示在上图的基础上,大、小三和弦与减三和弦在自然链接中如何产生出四种七和弦。你会发现,每小节有两组与五度接龙有关系的三和弦,它们的结合便能产生出两组七和弦。过程如下:

方法一:两组三和弦重叠后构成九和弦,去掉最上面一个音就得到大七和弦,去掉最下面一个音就得到小七和弦(见第一小节)。

方法二:在第一小节的两组三和弦的基础上,分别取根音和三音构成大七和弦。再分别取三音和五音构成小七和弦(见第二小节)。

其它七和弦构成方法以此类推。

宋大叔30.gif

C调:

c调七和弦-1.gif
c调七和弦-2.gif

所有的大七和弦在听觉都是domisolsi;所有小七和弦的听觉都是ladomisol;所有大小七和弦(属七)的听觉都是solsirefa;减小七和弦的听觉都是sirefala。都属于自然听觉。这也是在复式五度音列的基础上用首调唱名法才能讲清楚的。

七和弦共有七种主要类型,上面讲了四种,产生于大、小三和弦及减三和弦。另外三种七和弦则需加上增三和弦,增三和弦产生于和声小调,如下:

A和声小调:

a和声小调-1.gif

复式五度音列图:

复式五度c调-8.jpg

用复式五度音列阐述和声小调三和弦也可如此接龙,但由于不是自然小调,所以G要加升号,G在这里要唱sol(见上)。G加升号后与C变成了增五度;与D变成了减五度。正是这一增一减,增加了另外三种七和弦,即小大七和弦、增大七和弦、减七和弦。

上图接龙:falado;  domisol;  solsire; 

  refala;  ladomi;     misolsi

  sirefa;  falado





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引用 安东汉文D 2013-9-10 10:36
&nbsp;<span style="font-family: 新宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 15pt; text-indent: 24pt;">和声小调囊括了大三、小三、增三、减三,所以可以组合成七种七和弦形式,(自然大、小调只能构成四种七和弦)。</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:
新宋体">A</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:
新宋体">和声小调:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:
新宋体"> <br/></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">所有的小大七和弦的听觉都是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">la</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">mi</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fei</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">(飞);所有的增大七和弦的听觉都是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">mi</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fei</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">(飞)、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">;所有的减七和弦的听觉都是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">lie</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">(列)、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">re</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">。对于学习小提琴的人来说,属七和减七这两种和弦分解后在卡尔弗莱什的音阶体系当中是作为基本功,必须学习的。这是只有用复式五度音列配合首调唱名法才能讲清楚的事情。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">再举一例</span><span style="font-family:
新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">,</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">四个升号</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">E</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">调,与</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">C</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">调相比所有的音都不同,但被标注的:主、上属、下属、大七、小七、减七、属七等等都是一样的,这代表了它们是不同的调,但给人的感受是一样的。这也与首调唱名法具有相同的道理。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体;mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;
mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA">E</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体;mso-font-kerning:
1.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;mso-bidi-language:
AR-SA">调:包括</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体;mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;
mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA">E</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;
mso-bidi-language:AR-SA">自然</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体;mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;
mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA">大调和</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;;
mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;
mso-bidi-language:AR-SA">升</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体;mso-font-kerning:
1.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;mso-bidi-language:
AR-SA">C</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:
&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:
ZH-CN;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA">自然</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体;mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;mso-ansi-language:
EN-US;mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA">小调。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体;mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;mso-ansi-language:
EN-US;mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA"> <br/></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">用复式五度音列阐述三和弦也可如此接龙,<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:12.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">la</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">; </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">&nbsp; do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:
&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:
新宋体">mi</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">sol</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">;  </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">sol</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">re</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">; </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:12.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">re</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">la</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">;  </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">la</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">mi</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">; </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体"> </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">mi</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">sol</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:12.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.0"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">re</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">;  </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">la</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">前三组大三和弦自然转到小三和弦,再自然转到减三和弦,最后一个</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">la</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">表示又回到开头。第七组</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">re</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">(见第三小节)是减三和弦。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">下图表示在上图的基础上,大、小三和弦与减三和弦在自然链接中产生出的四种七和弦。</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">你会发现,每小节有两组与五度接龙有关系的三和弦,它们的结合便能产生出两组七和弦。具体构成方法同</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">C</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">调标有九和弦的谱例。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">E</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">调:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体"> <br/>&nbsp; &nbsp; <br/></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">所有的大七和弦在听觉都是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">mi</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">sol</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">;所有小七和弦的听觉都是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">la</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">mi</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">sol</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">;所有属七和弦(大、小七和弦)的听觉都是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">sol</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">re</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">;减小七和弦的听觉都是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">re</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">la</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">。都属于自然听觉。七和弦共有七种主要类型,上面讲了四种,产生于大、小三和弦及减三和弦。另外三种七和弦则需加上增三和弦,增三和弦产生于和声小调,如下:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;;
mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;">升</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:
12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">C</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">和声小调:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:
新宋体">复式五度音列图:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:
新宋体"> <br/></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">用复式五度音列阐述和声小调三和弦也可如此接龙,但由于不是自然小调,所以</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">B</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">要加升号(见上),</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;">升</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">B</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">在这里起到</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;">升</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">sol</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">的作用。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">B</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">加升号后与</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">E</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">变成了增五度;与</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;">升</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">F</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">变成了减五度。正是这一增一减,增加了另外三种七和弦,即小大七和弦、增大七和弦、减七和弦。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">上图接龙:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">la</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">; </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体"> do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">mi</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;
font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;">升</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">sol</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">;  </span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;
font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;">升</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">sol</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">re</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">; </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:48.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:4.0;
line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">&nbsp; re</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:
&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:
新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">la</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">;  </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">la</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">mi</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">; </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体"> </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">&nbsp; mi</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:
&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;;
mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;">升</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:
12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">sol</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:
&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:
新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:48.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:4.0;
line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">&nbsp; si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:
&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:
新宋体">re</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">;  </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">la</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">和声小调囊括了大三、小三、增三、减三,所以可以组合成七种七和弦形式(自然大、小调只能构成四种七和弦)。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;">升</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">C</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">和声小调:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p></p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体"> <br/> <br/></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">所有的小大七和弦的听觉都是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">la</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">mi</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fei</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">(飞);所有的增大七和弦的<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">听觉都是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">mi</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fei</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">(飞)、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">;所有的减七和弦的听觉都是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">lie</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">(列)、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">re</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">。对于学习小提琴的人来说,属七和减七这两种和弦分解后在卡尔弗莱什的音阶体系当中是作为基本功,必须学习的。这是只有用复式五度音列结合首调唱名法才能讲清楚的事情。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">再以三个降号</span><span style="font-size:
9.0pt;font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;">降</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">E</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">调为例,与</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">C</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">调和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">E</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">调相比所有的音都不同,但被标注的:主、上属、下属、大七、小七、减七、属七等等都是一样的,这代表了它们是不同的调,但给人的感受是一样的。这也与首调具有相同的道理。如第一小节主和弦给人的感受是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">mi</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">sol</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">;第二小节主和弦给人的感受是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">la</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">mi</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">;减三和弦听觉是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">re</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">;大七的听觉是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">mi</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">sol</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">;小七的听觉是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">la</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">mi</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">sol</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">;大小七的听觉是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">sol</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">re</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">;减小七的听觉是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">re</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">la</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">;增三的听觉是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">mi</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fei</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">(飞);小大七的听觉是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">la</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">mi</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fei</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">(飞);增大七的听觉是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">mi</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fei</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">(飞)、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">;减七的听觉是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">lie</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">(列)、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">re</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">降</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">E</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">调:包括降</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">E</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">自然</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">大调和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">C</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">自然</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">小调。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p></p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体"> <br/> <br/> <br/></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">C</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">和声小调:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体"> <br/></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:
新宋体">复式五度音列图:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:
新宋体"> <br/> <br/> <br/></span><p class="MsoNormal"><br/></p></p></p></p></p></p></p>
引用 安东汉文D 2013-9-10 10:52
&nbsp;<span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 新宋体;">&nbsp;以上三例:其中</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">A</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 新宋体;">和声小调、</span><span style="font-family: 'MS Mincho'; font-size: 12px;">升</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">C</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 新宋体;">和声小调、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">C</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 新宋体;">和声小调里面的变化音都是各自调里的</span><span style="font-size: 6.5pt; font-family: 'MS Mincho';">升</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">sol</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 新宋体;">,即复式五度音列图所标注的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">fa</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 新宋体;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">do</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 新宋体;">、</span><span style="font-size: 6.5pt; font-family: 'MS Mincho';">升</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">sol</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 新宋体;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">re</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 新宋体;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">la</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 新宋体;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">mi</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 新宋体;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">si</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 新宋体;">。这是只有首调唱名法才能说清楚的。</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><div><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">再举一例,关于减三和弦</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">re</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">。通过复式五度音列可以发现</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">re</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">无处不在,且非常重要。比如正中心大字母</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">D</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">上方左右两个小字母</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">B</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">与</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">F</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">就构成了</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">re</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">。同理,任意一个大字母与上方同样位置的小字母都可构成听觉上是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">re</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">的减三和弦。比如大字母</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">F</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">与小字母</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">D</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">和</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;
font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;">降</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">A</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">;再比如大字母</span><span style="font-size:
6.5pt;font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;">升</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">C</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">与小字母</span><span style="font-size:
6.5pt;font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;">升</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">A</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">E</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">等等。见下图:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;"> <br/> <br/></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">&nbsp;用</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:
12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:
&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:
新宋体">re</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">可以构成三种七和弦,它们是:</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">大小七的听觉是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">sol</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">re</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">;减七的听觉是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">lie</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">(列)、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">re</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">减小七的听觉是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">re</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">la</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">。这三种七和弦是提琴类乐器经常用到的,任何一个调的这三种七和弦都可用这三种听觉去感受和鉴定。这仍然是首调唱名法的魅力。其中减七和弦还有一个独特的现象,由于它是连续的小三度叠加,它的转位与原位可变得很不确定。见下图:</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span style="font-family: 新宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 15pt; text-indent: 24pt;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;"> <br/></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:
&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">卡尔弗莱什小提琴琶音可以用</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;
mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">re</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">lie</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">列、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">这一听觉。每一个调的减七和弦转位后,都可以是其它三个调的原位。比如,上图第一小节是</span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;">降</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">A</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">大调或升</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">G</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">小调的减七和弦的原位。第二小节是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">B</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">大调和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">B</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">小调减七和弦的原位;第三小节是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">D</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">大调和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">D</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">小调减七和弦的原位;第四小节是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">F</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">大调和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">F</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">小调减七和弦的原位。而二、三、四小节本身又是第一小节的一、二、三转位。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">再举一例:升降号的产生原理及意义。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">1</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">、是连续的五度生五度产生的。升号是以谁是这个调里的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">为理由的,降号是以谁是这个调里的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">为理由的。是五度相生律的升降号。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">2</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、是五度生三度产生的。大三和弦的升号是以谁是</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">这个调里的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">mi</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">为理由的,小三和弦的降号是以谁是</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">这个调里的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">为理由的。是纯律的升降号。(见下图)</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;"> <br/></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:18.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.5"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">【先从</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">C</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">调开始】三和弦各组音名,由下向上纵向用唱名阅读:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">F</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">A</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">C</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">(唱:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">la</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">)或</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">E</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">G</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">B</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">(唱:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">mi</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">sol</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">)等等。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:18.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.5"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体"> <br/></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">以下按降号调排列,从【右】至【左】用首调唱名依次读作:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">mi</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">la</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">re</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">sol</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">。在五线谱上记录一个降号时,这个降号代表</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">;两个降号时,第二个降号代表</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">;三个降号时,第三个降号代表</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">;四个降号时,第四个降号代表</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">;五个降号时,第五个降号代表</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">。后面以此类推,所有的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">都是大音阶里的下属音。它的上方五度就是这个调的主音</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">。在五线谱里书写记录时,每增加一个降号是显示谁是这个调里的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">的过程。也就是说降号的出现是以找</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">为目的。这就是首调唱名法的魅力,也只有用复式五度音列通过首调唱名法才能说清楚这一点。见图:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:
新宋体">F</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:
新宋体">调:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p></p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt"><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;;
mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;">降</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:
12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">B</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:
&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">调:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;
mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:
&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;"> <br/></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;;
mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;">降</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:
12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">E</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">调:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体"> <br/></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:4.5pt;mso-char-indent-count:.5"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;">&nbsp; &nbsp; 降</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">A</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">调:</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:4.5pt;mso-char-indent-count:.5"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">&nbsp; &nbsp; <br/><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;;
mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;">降</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:
12.0pt">D</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">调:</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;"> <br/></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p></p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:6.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:.5"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">【还是从</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">C</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">调开始】三和弦各组音名,由下向上纵向用唱名阅读:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">F</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">A</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">C</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">(唱:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">la</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">)或</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">E</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">G</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">B</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">(唱:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">mi</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">sol</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">)等等。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:6.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:.5"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">C</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">调: <br/><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:6.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:.5"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">以下按升号调排列,从左至右用首调唱名依次读作:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">sol</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">re</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">la</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">mi</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">。在五线谱上记录一个升号时,这个升号代表<span lang="EN-US">si</span>;两个升号时,第二个升号代表</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:
12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">;三个升号时,第三个升号代表</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">;四个升号时,第四个升号代表</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">;五个升号时,第五个升号代表</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">。后面以此类推。所有的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">都是大音阶里的导音,它的上方小二度就是这个调的主音</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">。在五线谱里书写记录时,每增加一个升号是显示谁是这个调里</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">的过程。也就是说升号的出现是以找</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">为目的。这还是首调唱名法的魅力,也只有用复式五度音列通过首调唱名法才能说清楚这一点。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:6.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:.5"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">G</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:
&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">调: <br/></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:6.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:.5"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:6.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:.5"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">D</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:
&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">调: <br/></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:6.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:.5"><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">A</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">调: <br/></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:6.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:.5"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">E</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:
&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">调: <br/></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:6.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:.5"><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">B</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">调: <br/></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;"><br/></span></p></p></p></p></p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体"><br/></span></p></p></p></p></p></p></div>
引用 安东汉文D 2013-9-10 11:10
&nbsp;<span style="font-family: 新宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 24pt;">固定唱名不一定就是固定音高。</span><div><span style="font-family: 新宋体; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 32px;"> </span></div><div><div style="text-indent: 32px;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">以上谱例共五行,每行的第一小节和第二小节实际音高完全一样,但记谱不同,用的是同音异名记谱法,但第一小节唱起来又与首调唱名法不谋而合,可实际上用的是固定唱名。第一小节的固定唱名比第二小节的固定唱名容易得多。这还是首调唱名法的魅力。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family: 新宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 24pt;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体"> <br/>&nbsp; &nbsp; <br/></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">以上各种谱号,它们的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">C</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">都不在一个线上,这种方式也与首调唱名法有异曲同工之处,即谁唱</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">。除了</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">C</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">谱号有灵活变线的特性外,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">F</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">谱号和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">G</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">谱号也有这种特性,只不过现在很少用到罢了。另外这三种谱号的名称:低音谱号是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">F</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">谱号;中音谱号是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">C</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">谱号;高音谱号是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">G</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">谱号;与</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">C</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">大调的下属、主、上属有某种起源关系,即</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">F</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">)、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">C</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">)、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">G</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">sol</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">)。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体"> <br/></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">这是一张键盘的音名示意图,除了一个键外,其它每个键都代表三个音名。使用固定唱名的人,固定的是哪一个音呢?一般是先学的哪个,就固定哪个,之后就很难说了。如果再加上提琴类乐器有律制音准的细微要求,比如五度相生律中</span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;">降</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">B</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">不等于</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;">升</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">A</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">、</span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;">降</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">A</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">不等于</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;">升</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">G</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">等等之类,更难说固定的是哪一个了。一个固定唱名代表了五个不同的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">,五个不同的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">re</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">等等,所以说,固定唱名也并不完美,也不精确。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:
&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">再举一例,与上一例有相同的意义。如下:减七和弦与六条【等和弦】。它们的音高完全一致,听觉感受也都一致,甚至在小提琴上指法都完全一致,但记谱不同。主张固定唱名的人用哪一个好呢。如果用首调唱名当然是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">lie</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:
&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">列、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">re</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:
&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">或</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">re</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">lie</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:
&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">列、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">。在任何一个调里,减七和弦都可采用此唱名,甚至包括减七的所有转位和弦。所以固定唱名法对同一音高的称呼并不固定,减七和弦就可以有七种唱法,就如同汉语‘吃饭’二字,一百个民族就有一百种说法。倒是首调唱名法以不变应万变,用一个固定的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">lie</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:
&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">列、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">re</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:
&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">或</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">re</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">lie</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:
&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">列、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">的听觉即可判断出任何调的减七和弦。这仍然是首调唱名法的魅力。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p></p></p></p></div><div><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><div><span style="font-family: 新宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 24pt;">&nbsp; &nbsp; <br/></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">以下是中古调式:是指十七世纪前欧洲流行于欧洲的七声调式,十九世纪起得到欧洲许多作曲家的青睐。由于调式名称过于繁琐,故我建议用首调唱名予以简化,如:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">Do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">调式、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">Re</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">调式等等。正好七种,并可无限循环。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体"> <br/></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">以上谱例共七行,每行第一小节和第二小节的音完全不同,但调式完全一样。同样说明了首调唱名法的作用与原理。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">人们在判断它是什么调式的过程时,是听觉起得主导作用,即</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">re</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">mi</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">fa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">sol</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">la</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">的变换排序,把左边七小节学会的听觉和感受带到右边的七小节里去,在小提琴上甚至手型和指法也是同样,再多的升降号也能演奏得非常的自如。这仍然是首调唱名法的魅力。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">以下是中国五声调式:宫、商、角、徵、羽,可以分别对应首调唱名</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">re</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">mi</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">sol</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">la</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">。不管多少升降号,只要符合以下五种听觉,即可应付自如。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">以下谱例共五行,每行第一小节和第二小节的音完全不同,但调式完全一样。同样说明了首调唱名法的作用与原理。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">人们在判断它是什么调式的过程时,是听觉起得主导作用,即</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">re</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">mi</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">sol</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">la</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">的变换排序,把左边五小节学会的听觉和感受带到右边的五小节里去,在小提琴上甚至手型和指法也是同样。这仍然是首调唱名法的魅力。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">见下图: <br/><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">据说德国大音乐家勃拉姆斯弹得一手好钢琴。一次跟他的一位好朋友,也是著名大提琴家合作开音乐会,勃拉姆斯担任钢琴伴奏,到了台上才发现钢琴低了整整有半个音,而那位大提琴家又不愿意将自己的琴调低,因为会影响音色,可现调钢琴又来不及,勃拉姆斯只好凭他对音乐的了解在钢琴上提高半个音,完成了他的伴奏。勃拉姆斯究竟凭的感性还是理性呢?感性就是首调唱名,理性就是固定唱名。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">又据说意大利著名小提琴家帕格尼尼在一次音乐会上,当一首曲子演奏到快结尾时,突然用力不当,一下断了三根琴弦,只剩一根</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">G</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">弦,帕格尼尼并没有停下来,而是在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">G</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">弦的高把位上坚持把乐曲演奏完。试想:断了三根弦</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">G</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">弦肯定也变高了,帕格尼尼是凭着感性还是理性完成的呢?感性就是首调唱名,理性就是固定唱名。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">据说自那以后帕格尼尼有又写了好几首专门在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">G</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">弦上演奏的曲子,甚至演奏《摩西幻想曲》时把</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">G</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">弦调高一个小三度到</span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;">降</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">B</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">,使其演奏更加辉煌。又如他采用变格定弦法,将四根空弦提高半个音,即</span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;">降</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">A</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">、</span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;">降</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">E</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">、</span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;">降</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">B</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">F</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">演奏他的第一协奏曲(第一协奏曲是用降</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">E</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">调写的),独奏部分完全用音色明亮而又易于演奏的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">D</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">大调指法,就像吉他一样,用一个变调卡子,不管什么调,都用一套指法。帕格尼尼还是吉他演奏大师。这都是首调思维的表现。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">下图是有人根据当时的音乐会盛况用绘画剪影艺术记录帕格尼尼的演奏形象,注意琴头有三根断后垂落下来的琴弦,以及帕格尼尼的左手在高把位的演奏状态。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体"> <br/><br/></span></p></p></p></p></div></div></div>
引用 安东汉文D 2013-9-10 11:12
&nbsp;<span style="line-height: 15pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 新宋体;">下面摘录一段上海音乐学院教授的言论:“其二,对唱名法有误(不是在理论上,而是在实践中),简单地说,就是把固定唱名法变成了固定</span><span style="line-height: 15pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 宋体;">调</span><span style="line-height: 15pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 新宋体;">唱名法,即把什么调都当成</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 15pt; font-size: 12pt;">C</span><span style="line-height: 15pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 新宋体;">大调来唱。比如唱</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 15pt; font-size: 12pt;">D</span><span style="line-height: 15pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 新宋体;">大调的升</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 15pt; font-size: 12pt;">C</span><span style="line-height: 15pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 新宋体;">音,本是调式第七级音,却把它当成了</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 15pt; font-size: 12pt;">C</span><span style="line-height: 15pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 新宋体;">大调主音的变化音。有这种观念的人会对升、降号多的调号产生畏惧心理,认为升降号越多越难。……其三,盲目追求绝对音高感的培养,而对相对音高感的培养不够,……实践证明,有绝对音高感和具有相对音高感的人在学习音乐上各有其优势(两者兼备当然最好),就训练调式音准而言,相对音高感起着决定性作用。”</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">以上摘自黄晨星、黄忠伯著《小提琴调式音准强化训练》上海音乐出版社,<span lang="EN-US">2005</span>年<span lang="EN-US">8</span>月第一版。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">上述话是什么意思呢?其实就是首调。嘴上念着固定唱名,心理感受着首调唱名。就如同口中念着英文,心中想着中文。始终进行着翻译。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">下面再引用一段关于首调的论述全文如下:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:18.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.5;
line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">(摘自王沛纶编著的《音乐辞典》)<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:
12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">&nbsp;Movable doh</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体"> [</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">英<span lang="EN-US">]</span>流动</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;
mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">doh</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">音视唱法(首调唱法)。流动唱法的唱名在键盘和谱表上是不固定的。键盘和谱表上的任何音都可以唱作</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do,re,mi</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">……。但在音阶上却是非常固定的,如同大音阶的第一二三度永远唱</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do,re,mi</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">……小音阶的第一二三度永远唱</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">la,si,do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">……等等。流动唱法的优点如下:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">①流动唱法强调音阶里各音相互的关系。音阶里各音好比一家人,这些人除了各有名字以外,还有他们彼此亲属关系的称呼。张三是父亲,张三太太是母亲,阿刚是哥哥,阿英是妹妹……。假如李四家人口组织与张三家完全相同,两家每人的姓名尽管不一样,但父母兄妹的关系是一样的。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">C</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">调是张三家夫妻二人带着三男三女,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">D</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">调是李四家,也是夫妻二人带着三男三女。张三是张三,李四是李四,姓名虽不同,但都是各家的父亲。依同理,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">C</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">C</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">D</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">D</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">,音名虽不同,但都是各音阶的主音,于是在流动唱名法里都唱作</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">,音阶里各音这种<span lang="EN-US">[</span>亲属关系<span lang="EN-US">],</span>流动唱名法极力提倡,而固定唱法则向不过问。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">②流动唱法同时也强调音阶里各音所给予我们的精神上的效果。各调的第一度,高低尽不同,但我们听到的效果都是肯定的终止的,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">C</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">调的第七度是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">B</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">G</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">调的第七度是</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;MS Mincho&quot;">?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">F</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">。两音高低相差甚多,但是它们自己的音阶里所给予我们的印象是一样的,都是使我们希望旋律继续进行,仿佛非走到第一度我们听着才舒服似的(第七度叫导音,就是因为这个缘故)。因此流动唱法主张:音阶各度音对于听觉的效果既然一样,所以第一度音都应当唱作</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">,第七度音都应当唱作</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">si</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">,各音给予人的效果,比给予人的固定音高重要得多,因此唱名也应当代表各音的效果,而不必代表各音的绝对音高。绝对音高另外由音名去负责代表好了。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:
&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:黑体;mso-hansi-font-family:黑体;mso-bidi-font-family:黑体">③和声学根据的是流动唱名法,因为前者与后者都注重音阶里各音的效果和相互关系。各大音阶第一度上的三和弦都叫主三和弦,都用Ⅰ作这个和弦的符号,用流动唱法来唱也都是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:黑体">do,mi,sol</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:黑体;mso-hansi-font-family:黑体;mso-bidi-font-family:
黑体">,再举一个例:和声学承认各大音阶第五度上三和弦的效果和运用是一样的,所以才给它们起一个共同的名称叫属三和弦,都用Ⅴ来代表。流动唱法也依同理将那三个音不论在哪个大调里都唱作</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:黑体">sol,si,re.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:黑体;mso-hansi-font-family:黑体;
mso-bidi-font-family:黑体"><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:
&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:黑体;mso-hansi-font-family:黑体;
mso-bidi-font-family:黑体"><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">④用流动唱法易于转调。转调这回事就是为求音乐上的变化而从一个调转入另外一个调。用流动唱法的时候,就要随着调性的转换用新调的唱名。这样一来,唱者自然会知道转了调了。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">⑤音阶里各半音用流动唱法来唱都各另有唱名。比方说:比</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">高半音的音唱作</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">di</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">(音地)比</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">mi</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">低半音的音唱作</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">me</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">(音妹)。这比固定唱名法的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">代表四五高个低不同的音要精密些。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">⑥流动唱法没有各调难易不同的毛病。用流动唱法来唱,可以说各调是同样的难易。唱者即或不明白音阶的构造,和升降记号的原理,也可以把五六个升降号的旋律应付得同</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">C</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">调旋律一样的容易。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">上面说的是流动唱法的六个优点。现在再谈一谈它的弱点,因为流动唱法也不是一个完善的制度。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">①流动唱法不适用于无调性的音乐。在无调性的音乐里,根本无所谓</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">C</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">调,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">G</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">调等等。作曲者作这类的乐曲的时候,尽力逃出调的束缚,于是各音自然的失掉它们已经的特殊效果及彼此间的相互关系。在这种打破<span lang="EN-US">[</span>亲属关系<span lang="EN-US">]</span>的音乐里,父母兄妹的关系和称呼也自然的失掉了意义。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">②</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do,re,mi</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">的位置既然不固定,学乐器时非借重固定的音名不可。所以流动唱法虽然适用于声乐,但对器乐则嫌不足。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">③流动唱法的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:新宋体">do,re,mi</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">,</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">不代表绝对音高,所以对于辨别绝对音高的训练没有什么帮助。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">④唱名之外还有音名。唱者除需将唱名运用纯熟外,还需要另学一套音名才能学习理论与乐器。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">⑤因为流动唱法这样容易,所以唱者可以把唱名唱得娴熟,而不明了乐理之所以然。这种鼓励人只知其当然,不知其所以然的地方,不能不算是一个弱点。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:新宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:新宋体">⑥流动唱法虽然在听觉上及歌咏上有极大的帮助,但在视觉上(认谱上)因为唱名的位置应调而异,对初学者颇为不便。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New="New"  Roman&quot;">前几日有人回复我的帖子时提到宋大叔,引起了我的兴趣。“在小提琴网首页《宋大叔教音乐第三单元》”看后,觉得宋大叔讲得非常好,思维严谨、语言流畅、深入浅出、很有亲和力、特别是结合着首调唱名法的讲解。但可能因为重点不同,关于五度相生律与和声的关系,宋大叔表示大家就不用管那么多了,所以我就接着宋大叔的话题再说几句。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></span></p></p>
引用 荷锄晚归 2013-9-10 17:46
如果“安东汉文D”老师能谈谈首调唱名法在提琴演奏中的具体应用那是最好不过的了,因为不是每个拉提琴的琴友都习惯用固定唱名法,也不是每个琴友都想走专业之路的,谢谢!
引用 明月山人 2013-9-11 01:03
太好了!太复杂了。
引用 docma 2013-9-11 11:51

   看起来觉得太专业了。很同意六楼朋友的建议,希望安东汉文D老师指点一下能否用首调在小提琴的识谱和演奏中。先谢谢!
引用 王王今米之 2013-9-11 14:12
我现在拉琴眼睛看谱是看手指的位置  耳朵听起来一会是首调一会没有调  晕……
引用 blackgunpe 2013-10-18 13:03
谢谢 分享
引用 chenwei 2013-10-29 15:26
着实的复杂
引用 xing1229 2013-10-30 10:45
太难了
引用 livehan 2013-10-31 16:35
难为孩子了。这看不懂啊,怎么给孩子讲?
引用 livehan 2013-10-31 16:36
教琴的老师,怎么都不太爱教乐理知识。
引用 qlyb623 2013-11-1 09:22
没有看懂。太复杂啦。
引用 docma 2013-11-2 21:58

  谢谢安东汉文D老师的辛勤劳动和详尽介绍。对于大多数一般的提琴爱好者(比如我自己)来说,没有受过系统的音乐教育,又没有五线谱的基础,视拉简谱还可以凑合,想要视拉五线谱的曲子很是困难(我觉得难在那些升降号上,总是顾此失彼),现在学吧年龄又太大了。所以我曾经有过一个想法,能否按照首调的方法来记五线谱,即按照线谱上相当于不同调的"do"的位置依次记牢,就不用在视频的时候分心去考虑升降了。还有一个好处,就是旋律的感觉也出来了。当然,这要记住不少个调的依次位置,也不是件容易的事情。原来就想在这里请教一下我的想法有没有可行性,一直苦于不知道该问谁。看到您的帖子,很是高兴,请安东汉文D老师赐教。
引用 docma 2013-11-3 21:15

  安东汉文D老师,昨天把“视谱”错为“视频”,在此更正。
引用 云水琴心 2013-11-4 10:02
用首调的方法来记五线谱,这可真是一个天真可爱的想法!!!简谱和五线谱都是一种音乐语言,语言是交流的工具,是需要爱好和从事音乐的人去学会和使用并进行交流的,难道楼上的朋友想发明一种新的音乐语言吗?
引用 云水琴心 2013-11-4 10:06
楼上朋友的意思是不是想用首调的方法来识五线谱呀?
引用 云水琴心 2013-11-5 10:05
识简谱、会首调的成年朋友,想学小提琴,建议到这里看看:https://www.chinaviolin.net/bbs/dispbbs.asp?boardid=35&Id=55672

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